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School Subject: Biology

  • Medical Laboratory Technologists

    Legacy duties

    • Conduct chemical analyses of blood, urine, and cerebro-spinal and other body fluids
    • Study blood cells and other tissues to determine their relation to various physiological and pathological conditions
    • Prepare tissue sections for microscopic examinations using techniques to demonstrate special cellular tissue elements or other characteristics
    • Establish procedures for the analysis of specimens and for medical laboratory experiments
    • Perform blood group, type and compatibility tests for transfusion purposes
    • May supervise and train other medical laboratory technical staff, students and helpers
    • May perform the duties of a pathologist's assistant in some hospitals.
    • Medical laboratory technologists may specialize in areas such as clinical chemistry, clinical microbiology, hematology, histotechnology, immunohematology and cytotechnology.

  • Licensed Practical Nurses

    Legacy duties

    • Provide nursing services, within defined scope of practice, to patients based on patient assessment and care planning procedures
    • Perform nursing interventions such as taking vital signs, applying aseptic techniques including sterile dressing, ensuring infection control, monitoring nutritional intake and conducting specimen collection
    • Administer medication and observe and document therapeutic effects
    • Provide pre-operative and post-operative personal and comfort care
    • Monitor established respiratory therapy and intravenous therapy
    • Monitor patients' progress, evaluate effectiveness of nursing interventions and consult with appropriate members of healthcare team
    • Provide safety and health education to individuals and their families.

  • Landscaping and Grounds Maintenance Contractors and Managers

    Legacy duties

    • Plan, organize, direct and control the operations of landscaping, interior plantscaping, lawn care and tree service establishments
    • Tender bids on contracts for landscaping and grounds maintenance work
    • Plan and estimate the materials and labour requirements for individual contracts
    • Organize and direct the planting and maintenance of trees, gardens, lawns, shrubs and hedges and the construction and installation of fences, decks, patios, walkways and retaining walls
    • Hire and supervise staff
    • Maintain financial and personnel records.

  • General Practitioners and Family Physicians

    Legacy duties

    • Examine patients and take their histories, order laboratory tests, X-rays and other diagnostic procedures and consult with other medical practitioners to evaluate patients' physical and mental health
    • Prescribe and administer medications and treatments
    • Perform and assist in routine surgery
    • Provide emergency care
    • Provide acute care management
    • Inoculate and vaccinate patients
    • Deliver babies and provide pre-natal and post-natal care
    • Advise patients and their families on health care including health promotion, disease, illness and accident prevention
    • Provide counselling and support to patients and their families on a wide range of health and lifestyle issues
    • Perform patient advocacy role
    • Co-ordinate or manage primary patient care
    • Provide continuous care to patients
    • Supervise home care services
    • Report births, deaths, and contagious and other diseases to governmental authorities.

  • Dental Hygienists

    Legacy duties

    • Conduct an initial dental assessment and consult with dentists on patient care
    • Take dental impressions
    • Instruct patients regarding oral hygiene procedures
    • Clean and stimulate the gums to prevent gum disease
    • Remove stains and deposits from teeth to prevent tooth and root decay
    • Apply fluoride treatment
    • Take and develop X-rays
    • May perform restorative and orthodontic procedures under the direction of a dentist
    • May supervise dental assistants in their health care functions.

  • Dental Laboratory Bench Workers

    Legacy duties

    • Prepare plaster models and moulds from dental impressions
    • Prepare wax bite-blocks and impression trays
    • Cast gold or metal alloys for bridges and denture bases
    • Pack plastic material in moulds to form full or partial dentures
    • Mould wax over denture set-up to form full contours of artificial gums
    • Make orthodontic bands from gold, silver, stainless steel or other metals
    • Finish metal framework of dentures and polish and buff dentures to obtain natural finish.

  • Dental Technologists and Technicians

    Legacy duties

    • Design, fabricate or repair dental devices including full or partial dentures, crowns, bridges, inlays, onlays, clasps and bands, and implants
    • May consult with dentists or other specialists on problematic dental cases
    • May train and supervise other dental technicians or dental laboratory bench workers in fabricating dentures and other dental devices
    • May perform supervisory and administrative functions for the dental laboratory.

  • Dentists

    Legacy duties

    • Examine patients' teeth, gums and surrounding tissue to diagnose disease, injury and decay and plan appropriate treatment
    • Restore, extract and replace diseased and decayed teeth
    • Perform oral surgery, periodontal surgery and other treatments
    • Clean teeth and instruct patients on oral hygiene
    • Design bridgework, fit dentures and provide appliances to correct abnormal positioning of the teeth and jaws, or write fabrication instructions or prescriptions for use by denturists and dental technicians
    • Supervise dental hygienists, dental assistants and other staff.
    • Dentists may specialize in such areas as oral and maxillofacial surgery, orthodontics, pediatric dentistry, periodontics, endodontics, prosthodontics, oral pathology, oral radiology or public health dentistry.

  • Construction Inspectors

    Legacy duties

    • Examine plans, drawings, and site layouts for new buildings, building renovations and other proposed structures
    • Inspect construction of buildings, bridges, dams, highways and other types of building and engineering construction for conformance to drawings, specifications, building codes or other applicable ordinances
    • Inspect and test electrical or plumbing installations in buildings to ensure compliance with municipal, provincial and federal regulations
    • Inspect steel framework, concrete forms, reinforcing steel mesh and rods, concrete or pre-stressed concrete to ensure quality standards and to verify conformance to specifications and building codes
    • Inspect construction of sewer systems and pipelines
    • Inspect construction sites to ensure that safe working conditions are maintained
    • Inspect existing buildings to identify and report on structural defects, fire hazards and other threats to safety
    • Inspect new or resale homes on behalf of clients and assess and provide reports on the physical condition of property.

  • Audiologists